IP Protection grade is Ingress Protection (intrusion Protection), Protection grade system is drafted by the IEC (INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICALCOMMISSION), electric appliance according the characteristic of the dust-proof and moisture to be graded. Today, let Evan, an electrical engineer from Hengfengyou, share with you in detail the common sense of IP protection level:
 
IP protection level is composed of two numbers, the first number represents the level of dustproof and anti-intrusion of external objects, and the second number represents the airtight degree of moisture and waterproof intrusion of electrical appliances. The greater the number, the higher the protection level. There are two current national standards in China, respectively: the waterproof and dustproof grade of the instrument can refer to the standard: GB4208-2008/IEC60529:2001 "shell protection grade (IP mark)"; Gb2423.37-2006 "Electrical and electronic products environmental testing part 2: Test method test L: Dust test", etc.
Indicates the IP protection level
 
The protection level is usually expressed by two numbers followed by an IP address. The number is used to identify the protection level.
The first number indicates the extent to which the device is resistant to fine dust, or the extent to which people are protected from harm in a sealed environment. Represents the level of protection against solid foreign matter, with the highest level being 6;
The second digit indicates how waterproof the device is. Represents the level of protection from flooding. The highest level is 8.
 
First digit after IP: Dustproof level
Digital protection range description
0 No protection. No special protection against people or things outside.
1 Prevent the intrusion of solid external objects with a diameter greater than 50mm. Prevent the human body (such as the palm) from contacting the internal parts of the electric appliance due to accident, and prevent the intrusion of external objects with a larger size (diameter greater than 50mm).
2 Prevent the intrusion of solid external objects with a diameter greater than 12.5mm prevent human fingers from contacting the internal parts of the electrical appliance, prevent the intrusion of external objects with medium size (diameter greater than 12.5mm).
3 Prevent the intrusion of solid objects with diameters greater than 2.5mm Prevent tools, wires and similar small objects with diameters or thicknesses greater than 2.5mm from intruding into the internal parts of electrical appliances.
4 Prevent the intrusion of solid objects with diameters greater than 1.0mm Prevent the intrusion of tools, wires and similar small objects with diameters or thicknesses greater than 1.0mm into the internal parts of electrical appliances.
5 to prevent foreign objects and dust completely prevent foreign objects from invading, although not completely prevent dust from invading, but the amount of dust invasion will not affect the normal operation of electrical appliances.
6 Prevent foreign objects and dust completely prevent foreign objects and dust invasion.
 
Second digit after IP: waterproof level
Digital protection range description
0 No protection No special protection against water or moisture.
1 Prevent water droplets from immersing vertically falling water droplets (such as condensed water), which will not cause damage to electrical appliances
When the electrical appliance is tilted from vertical to 15 degrees, dripping water will not cause damage to the electrical appliance.
3. Prevent the spraying water from immersing in the rain or prevent the water sprayed in the direction of vertical Angle less than 60 degrees from invading the electrical equipment and causing damage.
4 Prevent splashing water immersion prevent splashing water from all directions into the electrical equipment and cause damage
5 Prevent spray water immersion to prevent water from all directions from the nozzle into the electrical equipment and cause damage.
Prevent heavy waves from immerging electrical appliances installed on deck to prevent damage caused by heavy waves.
7 to prevent water immersion electrical immersion in water for a certain time or water pressure in a certain standard below, can ensure that no damage caused by water immersion.
Prevent water immersion appliances from sinking indefinitely under the specified water pressure to ensure no damage caused by water immersion.
IP test range
Waterproof test includes the second characteristic number from 1 to 8, that is, the protection class code is IPX1 to IPX8.
Level of waterproof
(1) the IPX 1
Method name: vertical dripping test
Test equipment: dripping test device
Sample placement: the sample should be placed on a rotating sample table at 1r/min according to its normal working position, and the distance from the top of the sample to the dripping hole should not be more than 200mm
Test conditions: the water drop was 10.05 mm/min
Duration: 10 min
 
2 the IPX 2
Method name: incline 15° dripping test
Test equipment: dripping test device
Sample placement: make one surface of the sample at an Angle of 15° to the vertical line, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip is no more than 200mm. After each test, change to another face for four times.
Test conditions: the water drop was 30.5 mm/min
Duration: 4×2.5 min (total 10 min)
 
(3) the IPX 3
Method name: Drenching test
Test Method:
A, pendulum tube type water pouring test
Test equipment: pendulum tube type water splashing test device
Sample placement: select the appropriate radius of the pendulum tube, so that the sample table height at the pendulum tube diameter position, put the sample on the sample table, make the top of the sample nozzle distance is not more than 200mm, the sample table does not rotate.
Test conditions: The water flow is calculated according to the number of spout holes in the pendulum tube, each hole is 0.07L/min. When water is poured, the water spray from the spout holes in the 60° arc on both sides of the pendulum tube midpoint is sprayed to the sample. The test sample is placed in the center of the pendulum semicircle. The pendulum swings 60° along both sides of the vertical line, a total of 120°. Each swing (2×120°) is about 4s
Test time: continuous watering for 10 min
B. Sprinkler type water spraying test
Test equipment: hand-held water splashing test device
Sample placement: the parallel distance between the top of the test and the nozzle of the hand-held sprinkler is between 300mm and 500mm
Test conditions: the baffle with balanced weight should be installed during the test, and the water flow is 10L/min
Test time: 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) according to the surface area of the shell of the sample to be tested, at least 5 min
 
(4) the IPX 4
Method name: splash test
Test Method:
A. Pendulum tube splashing test
Test equipment and sample placement: same as IPX 3 section A above;
The test conditions shall be the same as those in section A of IPX 3 above, except for the following conditions; The spray area is the spray water from the spray hole in each 90° arc on both sides of the midpoint of the pendulum tube. The test sample is placed in the center of the pendulum semicircle. The pendulum swings 180° along both sides of the vertical line, about 360° in total. Each swing (2×360°) is about 12s
Test time: same as IPX 3 section A above (i.e. 10 min).
B. Sprinkler splashing test
Test equipment and sample placement: same as IPX 3 section B above;
Test conditions: remove the baffle with balanced weight mounted on the equipment, and the rest is the same as IPX 3 b;
Test time: same as IPX 3 section b, i.e. 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) according to the surface area of the sample shell to be tested, at least 5min
 
5] IPX 5
Method name: Water spray test
Test equipment: the inner diameter of the nozzle nozzle is 6.3mm
Test conditions: the distance between the test sample and the spray nozzle is 2.5m ~ 3m, and the water flow is 12.5L /min (750 L/h).
Test time: 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) according to the surface area of the shell of the sample to be tested, at least 3 min
 
[6] the IPX 6
Method name: intense water spray test;
Test equipment: the inner diameter of the nozzle nozzle is 12.5mm
Test conditions: the distance between the test sample and the spray nozzle is 2.5m ~ 3m, and the water flow is 100 L/min (6000 L/h).
Test time: 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) according to the surface area of the shell of the sample to be tested, at least 3 min
 
Once the IPX 7
Method name: short time immersion test
Test equipment and test conditions: immersion tank. The size should be such that after the sample is put into the immersion tank, the distance from the bottom of the sample to the water surface is at least 1m. The distance from the top of the sample to the water surface should be at least 0.15m
Test time: 30 min
 
Being the IPX 8
Method name: Continuous diving test;
Test equipment, test conditions and test time: as agreed by the buyer and the seller, the severity shall be higher than IPX 7.
Note: Many outdoor electronics also emphasize floatability.
 
IP (INGRESS PROTECTION) PROTECTION level and waterproofing test according to the following standards:
1) Drafted by the INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION (IEC) INTERNATIONAL protection and waterproof test standards: IEC 529-598 standards
2) National standard GB 700-86
3) GB 4208-2008 Shell protection class (IP code), etc.
IP protection grade laboratory: the laboratories that can carry out IP grade test mainly include one testing laboratory, Environmental Reliability and Electromagnetic compatibility Test Center, Aerospace Environmental reliability Test and Testing Center, Suzhou Electric Appliance Research Institute, National Electric Appliance Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, etc.
Class definition
IP means Ingress Protection.IEC IP Protection class is important for the safety Protection of electrical equipment. Protection class systems such as IP provide a means of classifying products based on the dust, water and collision resistance of electrical equipment and packaging. These systems have been approved by most European countries, drafted by the International Electro TechnicalCommission (IEC), And announced in IED529 (BS EN 60529:1992) Outer Packaging Protection Class (IP Code).
The protection level is usually expressed by two numbers followed by an IP address. The number is used to identify the protection level.
The first number indicates the extent to which the device is resistant to fine dust, or the extent to which people are protected from harm in a sealed environment. I represents the level of protection against solid foreign matter, with the highest level being 6.
The second number indicates how waterproof the device is. P is the level of protection against flooding, and the highest level is 8.
Such as motor protection grade IP65, protection grade IP55 and so on.
Protection against contact with electrical equipment and foreign objects (first number)
The first digital dustproof protection range the second digital waterproof protection range
0 No protection - 0 No protection -
1 protection of 50mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detector, ball diameter of 50mm, should not fully enter 1 water droplets protection of vertical falling water droplets should not cause damage;
2 Protection of 12.5mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detector, ball diameter of 12.5mm, should not fully enter 2 cabinet tilt 15 degrees, protection of water droplets cabinet tilt 15 degrees to any side, vertical drop should not cause damage;
3 Protection of 2.5mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detector, ball diameter of 2.5mm, should not be fully into 3 protection of splashing water at a 60 degree Angle from both sides of the vertical line splashing water should not cause damage;
4 Protection of 1.0mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detector, ball diameter of 1.0mm, should not be fully entered 4 protection of water spray from each direction of the cabinet should not cause damage;
5 Protection against dust It is impossible to completely prevent dust from entering, but the amount of dust entering will not harm the device. 5 Protection Spray Water directed at the cabinet from each direction should not cause damage.
6 Dust should not enter dust when the low pressure of 20 mbar is inside the closed cabinet. 6 Protection strong water injection from each direction should not cause damage to the cabinet;
7 Protection short-term immersion cabinet body in the standard pressure for a short time in the water, there should be no water immersion can cause damage;
8 protection long-term immersion can be immersed in water under specific conditions, should not cause damage.
Note: The diameter of the detector should not pass through the hole in the cabinet
Understanding the waterproof grade of electronic products JIS(IPX):
0 no protection
Drip proof TYPE I vertical falling water droplets have no harmful effects
Anti-drip type ⅱ has no harmful effect on water droplets falling in the range of 15 "in the vertical direction
3 Rain proof type has no harmful effect on rainfall within 60 degrees of vertical direction
4 Splash proof type by any direction of water splash without harmful influence
No harmful effect is caused by water spraying directly in any direction
6 Water resistant type will not enter the interior when directly sprayed by water in any direction
7 Anti-immersion type will not enter the interior even if immersed in water under specified conditions
8 Water medium for a long time immersed in a certain pressure of water can still be used
9 anti-humidity type can be used when the relative humidity is more than 90% of the humidity
International industrial standard IP waterproof grade and Japanese industrial standard JIS waterproof grade is close, divided into 0-8 of 9, IP grade also make provisions for dustproof. IPxx dustproof and waterproof grade
 
Dustproof grade (the first X indicates) :
0: no protection
1: prevent large solid invasion
2: prevent medium size solid invasion
3: prevent small solids from entering and invading
4: prevent solid objects larger than 1mm from entering
5: prevent harmful dust accumulation
6: completely prevent dust from entering
Waterproofing grade (second X)
0: no protection
1: Water drops into the shell have no impact
2: When the shell is tilted to 15 degrees, water drops into the shell have no impact
3: water or rain from the corner of 60 degrees to the shell has no impact
4: The liquid poured into the shell from any direction has no harm effect
5: Rinse with water without any harm
6: can be used in the cabin environment
7: water resistance in a short time (1m)
8: soaking water for a long time under a certain pressure
Example: XDM series distribution box produced by Hengfengyou Electric co., LTD is marked with IP65 protection grade, which means that the product can completely prevent dust from entering and can be washed with water without any harm.